Intranasal Vaccination: Rationale, Progress and Challenges
Suman JD.
Respiratory Drug Delivery 2023. Volume , 2023: 19-26.
Abstract:
Interest in intranasal vaccination development accelerated due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The nasal cavity is ideally suited to tackle respiratory viruses as the nose is the first port of entry into the body. In addition, nasal vaccinations induce both mucosal and systemic immunity. Mucosal immunity can prevent viral shedding, which is key to halting disease spread.
Nasal vaccine formulations are now in development for SARS-CoV-2, influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). As opposed to intramuscular injection, a particulate is needed to interact with immunocompetent cells in the nasal mucosa. In addition, the vaccine will need to overcome mucociliary clearance. Therefore, careful formulation development is needed to advance effective nasal vaccine.
The deposition target for most nasal vaccines in the nasal associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) located in the nasopharynx. Device performance and use in the hands of the patient also become important considerations for nasal vaccines. In addition, developers should also consider delivery aspects to children in pediatric populations.
I have a subscription
Log in for instant access.
I do not have a subscription
Purchase Article (in PDF format)
